In this tutorial I will be showing how to make a 2D Character Controller for a Platformer game, using Physics 2D components in Unity. The controller will handle movement, jumping and Camera follow.

So let's begin!

Steps

• Open Scene with your 2D level (Make sure the level sprites have 2D colliders attached, so the player won't fall through)
• Create new GameObject and call it "Player"
• Create another GameObject, call it "player_sprite" and add Sprite Renderer component to it
• Assign your sprite to "player_sprite" and move it inside the "Player" Object

• Create new script, name it "CharacterController2D" and paste the code below inside it:

CharacterController2D.cs

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

[RequireComponent(typeof(Rigidbody2D))]
[RequireComponent(typeof(CapsuleCollider2D))]

public class CharacterController2D : MonoBehaviour
{
    // Move player in 2D space
    public float maxSpeed = 3.4f;
    public float jumpHeight = 6.5f;
    public float gravityScale = 1.5f;
    public Camera mainCamera;

    bool facingRight = true;
    float moveDirection = 0;
    bool isGrounded = false;
    Vector3 cameraPos;
    Rigidbody2D r2d;
    CapsuleCollider2D mainCollider;
    Transform t;

    // Use this for initialization
    void Start()
    {
        t = transform;
        r2d = GetComponent<Rigidbody2D>();
        mainCollider = GetComponent<CapsuleCollider2D>();
        r2d.freezeRotation = true;
        r2d.collisionDetectionMode = CollisionDetectionMode2D.Continuous;
        r2d.gravityScale = gravityScale;
        facingRight = t.localScale.x > 0;

        if (mainCamera)
        {
            cameraPos = mainCamera.transform.position;
        }
    }

    // Update is called once per frame
    void Update()
    {
        // Movement controls
        if ((Input.GetKey(KeyCode.A) || Input.GetKey(KeyCode.D)) && (isGrounded || Mathf.Abs(r2d.velocity.x) > 0.01f))
        {
            moveDirection = Input.GetKey(KeyCode.A) ? -1 : 1;
        }
        else
        {
            if (isGrounded || r2d.velocity.magnitude < 0.01f)
            {
                moveDirection = 0;
            }
        }

        // Change facing direction
        if (moveDirection != 0)
        {
            if (moveDirection > 0 && !facingRight)
            {
                facingRight = true;
                t.localScale = new Vector3(Mathf.Abs(t.localScale.x), t.localScale.y, transform.localScale.z);
            }
            if (moveDirection < 0 && facingRight)
            {
                facingRight = false;
                t.localScale = new Vector3(-Mathf.Abs(t.localScale.x), t.localScale.y, t.localScale.z);
            }
        }

        // Jumping
        if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.W) && isGrounded)
        {
            r2d.velocity = new Vector2(r2d.velocity.x, jumpHeight);
        }

        // Camera follow
        if (mainCamera)
        {
            mainCamera.transform.position = new Vector3(t.position.x, cameraPos.y, cameraPos.z);
        }
    }

    void FixedUpdate()
    {
        Bounds colliderBounds = mainCollider.bounds;
        float colliderRadius = mainCollider.size.x * 0.4f * Mathf.Abs(transform.localScale.x);
        Vector3 groundCheckPos = colliderBounds.min + new Vector3(colliderBounds.size.x * 0.5f, colliderRadius * 0.9f, 0);
        // Check if player is grounded
        Collider2D[] colliders = Physics2D.OverlapCircleAll(groundCheckPos, colliderRadius);
        //Check if any of the overlapping colliders are not player collider, if so, set isGrounded to true
        isGrounded = false;
        if (colliders.Length > 0)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < colliders.Length; i++)
            {
                if (colliders[i] != mainCollider)
                {
                    isGrounded = true;
                    break;
                }
            }
        }

        // Apply movement velocity
        r2d.velocity = new Vector2((moveDirection) * maxSpeed, r2d.velocity.y);

        // Simple debug
        Debug.DrawLine(groundCheckPos, groundCheckPos - new Vector3(0, colliderRadius, 0), isGrounded ? Color.green : Color.red);
        Debug.DrawLine(groundCheckPos, groundCheckPos - new Vector3(colliderRadius, 0, 0), isGrounded ? Color.green : Color.red);
    }
}

• Attach CharacterController2D script to "Player" Object (You'll notice it also added other components called Rigidbody2D and CapsuleCollider2D)
• Tweak CapsuleCollider2D dimensions until they match the player Sprite
• Make sure there are no child colliders and the CapsuleCollider2D is the only collider attached to this player

In CharacterController2D script you have option to assign the Main Camera variable, which could be any Camera that will follow the player:

The 2D Character Controller is now ready!